ISO/IEC 17025:2017 (NABL) Certification for Haematology & Immunohaematology
Haematology And Immunohaematology
It all began from the time when physicians suggested blood transfusion between spouses as a treatment for marital disharmony. It was the beginning of the 20th century when the discovery of immunohematology principles broke the barrier of the blood transfusion and enabled the progress in the transfusion medicine and in all other medical disciplines requiring the transfusion support.
Haemotology
Haematology, which is also spelt as Hematology is a branch of medical science that studies the morphology of blood and blood-forming tissues. Under this medical science the cellular composition of blood, blood cell formation, haemoglobin synthesis and all related disorders are covered. Haematological parameters such as red RBC and white blood cell WBC counts and hemoglobin Hb are widely used to support diagnoses and treatment monitoring.
Haematological parameters
Haematology studies red and white blood cells and platelets, their relative proportions, general cell health and the diseases caused by imbalances between them. Red blood cells are used to carry oxygen O2 and carbon dioxide CO2, whereas white blood cells are an important part of the body is immune defense system. While platelets play an essential part in blood coagulation. A body needs all the cells but it is also necessary that they are maintained in the right proportion otherwise the system might break down, just like machinery. For example, anaemia is the shortage of red blood cells which can be caused due to various factors. Leukemia is a condition in which the bone marrow produces too many abnormal white blood cells so that they take the place of erythropoiesis and thrombopoiesis, and lead to dangerous symptoms.
Hematology recognizes such imbalances. One of the most important laboratory tests – the complete or full blood count CBC/FBC – can help diagnose these conditions so that appropriate treatment can be prescribed.
Immunohaematology
Immunohaematology is a branch of haematology and transfusion medicine that studies interactions of the immune system and blood, namely with the detection of blood cell antigens and related antibodies.
Patients undergoing transfusion therapy are tested for their ABO and RhD blood groups and the presence of any antibodies that may cause a reaction between their plasma and donor red cells. A range of test are available which detect and identify antibodies in the patient is plasma from a simple tube and gel tests to more complex absorption and elution techniques as well as advanced molecular techniques. These same tests will also identify if the antigen is present on the patient is red cells. For patients with hematological conditions such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia, a wide range of immune-hematological techniques are used to identify and resolve the diagnostic problems in these patients. Molecular techniques are increasingly used in immunohaematology to determine the antigen profile of patients, resolve complex problems, and large scale red cell typing.
Objectives of Hematology and immunohematology lab
The primary purpose of these labs is to provide the people practicing medical laboratory sciences with a better understanding of the most important basic and advanced techniques and test procedures that are applied in day to day hematology tests and blood banks.
The lab contains types of equipment like microscopes, different types of centrifugation machines, and a complete blood count CBC machine, used to teach practitioners how the hematological tests are done. To ensure the safety of the practitioners, labs provide sharp containers and medical wastes baskets.
In the lab, people are trained on blood withdrawing and the exact procedures for all tests that can be done using blood samples starting with complete blood count CBC, blood film preparation, and examination. They are also trained on how to link between the results and the different types of blood diseases, ending with blood grouping and compatibility testing in case of blood donation and transfusion in the blood bank.
The hematology and immunohematology lab labs must have their accreditation from NABL and must have certification for ISO 17025: 2017. In this way, it can be assured that the testing is done according to regulatory norms imposed by the governments across the globe.
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